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Regional abundance and local breeding productivity explain occupancy of restored habitats in a migratory songbird: Ecological restoration is a key tool in offsetting habitat loss that threatens biodiversity worldwide, but few projects are rigorously evaluated to determine if conservation objectives are achieved. We tested whether restoration outcomes for an imperiled bird, the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera; GWWA) met the assumptions of the ‘Field of Dreams’ hypothesis or whether local and regional population dynamics impacted restoration success. From 2015 to 18, we surveyed 514 points located in recently restored successional habitats. We used new- and published data on the survival of 341 nests and 258 fledglings to estimate GWWA breeding productivity. Occupancy and colonization of restored habitats were significantly higher in our Western Study Region (Minnesota and Wisconsin) than our Eastern Study Region (Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey), a pattern that mirrored broader regional population trends. At local scales, productivity was high in Eastern Pennsylvania (> 3 independent juveniles/pair/year) but low in Central Pennsylvania (1 juvenile/pair/year) while both Western and Central Minnesota hosted intermediate productivity (between 1 and 2 juveniles/pair/ year). Productivity and occupancy covaried locally in the Eastern Study Region, while occupancy was high in the Western Study Region, despite intermediate productivity. These differences have profound implications for restoration outcomes, as GWWA possessed robust capacity to respond to habitat restoration in both regions, but this capacity was conditional upon local productivity where the species is rare. Our findings suggest that, even when restoration efforts are focused on a single species and use comparable prescriptions, interactions among processes governing habitat selection, settlement, and productivity can yield variable restoration outcomes.

Multiscale drivers of restoration outcomes for an imperiled songbird: Habitat restoration is a cornerstone of conservation, particularly for habitat-limited species. However, restoration efforts are seldom rigorously monitored at meaningful spatial scales. Poor understanding of how species respond to habitat restoration programs limits conservation efficacy for habitat-restricted species like the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera, GWWA). We provide one of the first concerted assessments of a national conservation program aimed at restoring songbird habitat across its breeding range. We studied GWWA response to forest habitat restoration across two broad regions with opposing population trajectories and assessed factors driving species use of restored habitats across multiple spatial scales. From 2015 to 2017, we conducted 1,145 (n = 457 locations) and 519 point counts (n = 215 locations) across the Appalachian Mountains and Great Lakes (respectively) within restored habitats. Warbler abundance within restored habitats across the Great Lakes varied with latitude, longitude, elevation, forest type, and number of growing seasons. In the Appalachian Mountains, occupancy ( ^ ψ) varied with longitude, elevation, forest type, and number of growing seasons. Detections were restricted to areas within close proximity to population centers (usually <24 km) in the Appalachian Mountains, where GWWAs are rare ( ^ ψ= 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.25), but not in the Great Lakes, whereGWWAs remain common ( ^ ψ= 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.90). Our study suggests that, even when best management practices are carefully implemented, restoration outcomes vary within/across regions and with multiscale habitat attributes. Although assessments of concerted habitat restoration efforts remain uncommon, our study demonstrates the value of monitoring data in the adaptive management process for imperiled species.

WLFW Outcomes: Funded Research

Research

Outcomes from NRCS Golden-winged Warbler Conservation Efforts: Over the past decade, NRCS has been working with landowners and partners to improve forest health and provide young forest habitat for golden-winged warblers and associated early successional wildlife species. These efforts have been carried out under the banner of Working Lands for Wildlife in Appalachia and through a Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Since 2012, the CEAP Wildlife Component has supported outcome-based assessments of this work in partnership with the Indiana University of Pennsylvania Research Institute (IUPRI), American Bird Conservancy, Cornell University and many others. In response to interest by NRCS state and local personnel involved in golden-winged warbler conservation work, CEAP Wildlife provided a briefing via teleconference on what has been learned through the years of monitoring and provided perspective on science-based program delivery. In this briefing, Dr. Jeff Larkin of IUPRI highlighted key findings and outcomes generated from these efforts.

Webinars and Instructional Videos

Information Materials: public)- this is where we can point other professionals and landowners Fact Sheets Priority Areas – need brief narrative on how the priority areas/focus areas were identified nationally and post maps Staff & Landowner Events – need brief narrative on the on-going technology transfer effort via series of workshops, outreach events, etc. (upcoming workshop dates on portal Calendar) NRCS Conservation Practices & Materials Conservation Practices Job Sheets Screening & Ranking Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Guide (WHEG) Other Guidance (Jess-I’d rather keep it simple and just give the list of Practices from the 2 proposals plus any additions since – do we really need this posted here by state since the states can add practices at will? Let Rose know! We need to post these other materials so all the field staff can access – they won’t have private access.) How to sign up!