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Best Management Practices for Golden-winged Warbler Habitat on Abandoned Farmlands in the Great Lakes
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Since the early 20th century, abandoned farmland has become
an important component of the Great Lakes landscape.
When crop and pasture lands become inactive, they begin
succeeding into their pre-agricultural state, which is often
deciduous forest. The span of time from field to forest takes
decades, during which there is a period of years where the ratio
of herbaceous vegetation, shrubs, and young trees on a given
site can potentially create habitat for breeding Golden-winged Warblers (Figure 1). Without active management, this is a temporary
condition that typically persists for less than a decade.
Throughout the region there is an excellent opportunity, especially on private lands, to create habitat for Golden-winged Warbler
on abandoned farmlands. Perhaps the best opportunities exist on poorly drained soils that are too wet for pasture or crops.
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Best Management Practices for Golden-winged Warbler Habitat in Shrub Wetlands of the Great Lakes
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Shrub wetlands are extensive in the region, particularly in
the western Great Lakes. Not all shrub wetlands are occupied
by Golden-winged Warbler for a variety of reasons including
high water levels, lack of desired woody and herbaceous
vegetation patchiness, lack of scattered canopy trees, and
distance to upland deciduous forest. Dense mature stands of
unbroken woody shrub cover over large areas often are unsuitable.
Reduced flooding and beaver activity may be partially
responsible for these conditions and restoration of these
natural disturbance regimes could improve habitat quality. In
other cases, mechanical treatments provide the mechanism
for creating or restoring breeding habitat (Figure 1) and are
the focus of the included guidelines.
For this insert, shrub wetlands are defined as palustrine
wetlands dominated by broad-leaved deciduous woody vegetation
less than 20 feet tall. The species include true shrubs,
young trees, and scattered trees of varying size. See Table 1
for common dominant shrub and tree species.
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Birds of a Feather on Working Lands
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Storyboard discusses similarities between habitat needs of the Eastern golden-winged warbler and Western sage grouse, both bird species with declining populations due to habitat loss in working landscapes - but benefiting from NRCS Working Lands for Wildlife intervention.
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Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
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The Bureau of Land Management's mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.
he BLM was established in 1946, but its roots go back to the years after America’s independence, when the young nation began acquiring additional lands. At first, these lands were used to encourage homesteading and westward migration. The General Land Office was created in 1812 to support this national goal.
Over time, values and attitudes regarding public lands shifted, and President Harry S. Truman, by means of a government reorganization, merged the GLO and another agency, the U.S. Grazing Service, creating the BLM.
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Capture of GWWA on Nonbreeding Grounds
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While studying migratory birds on their Costa Rican wintering grounds in March 2017, associates at the Roger Tory Peterson Institute of Natural History (RTPI) were able to add some important data to the understanding of Golden-wing Warbler biology. RTPI affiliate Sean Graesser, who was working in a remote rainforest reserve in northeastern Costa Rica with other RTPI staff on a tropical biology course for high school students, captured a gorgeous male Golden-winged Warbler. When he extracted it from the net to collect data and band it, he realized that this bird already had a uniquely numbered band on its leg – a band that Sean had put there himself a year ago! Since the bird was last seen in March of 2016, it had flown to North America – likely somewhere in that upper Great Lakes Region area, possibly nested and raised young against all odds, and returned to Costa Rica to overwinter. This bird looked healthy as could be and was getting ready to make the same trek again – possibly travelling as far as 6,000 miles each year between its breeding and wintering grounds.
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Central Appalachian Spruce Restoration Initiative (CASRI)
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A partnership of diverse interests with a common goal of restoring historic red spruce-northern hardwood ecosystems across the high elevation landscapes of Central Appalachia. It is comprised of private, state, federal, and non-governmental organizations which recognize the importance of this ecosystem for its ecological, aesthetic, recreational, economic, and cultural values.
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Conservation Choices for Wildlife: Golden-winged Warbler and Other Forest-dependent Species
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This guide outlines seven key conservation practices recommended to forest landowners who want to sustainably manage forests to benefit wildlife and forest health. USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and conservation partners work with forest landowners to plan and implement these practices that benefit a variety of species, including the golden-winged warbler. This assistance includes the development of a custom forest management plan as well as financial support to help cover part of the costs of implementing the practices. Technical and financial assistance are available through the Farm Bill, the largest source of federal funding for private lands conservation.
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Conserving Carolina
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Your support is powering some amazing conservation projects. With your help, Conserving Carolina is creating new parks, trails, and greenways. We’re protecting mountains, foothills, rivers, and farms—over 47,000 acres so far. We’re restoring woods, meadows, and wetlands. We’re engaging people in volunteer work, hikes, outings, field trips, speaker series, native plant gardening, and more.
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CT Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
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The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection advances the conservation, use, and appreciation of Connecticut’s wildlife resources.
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EcoForesters
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EcoForesters is a non-profit professional forestry organization dedicated to conserving and restoring our Appalachian forests through education and stewardship.
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